Hypoxemia occurs when blood oxygen levels are lower than before. If the amount of oxygen in the blood is low, your body may not be able to function properly.
Blood carries oxygen throughout your body to keep cells healthy. Hypoxemia can cause minor problems such as headaches and shortness of breath. In severe cases, it can interfere with heart and brain function. Hypoxemia, which reduces the amount of oxygen in your body, is called hypoxemia. Sometimes people use two words for each other, but they are not the same.
What Causes Hypoxemia?
Circumstances and conditions can prevent the body from providing oxygen levels in the blood.
Some of the most common causes of hypoxemia include:
- Heart condition includes heart failure
- High elevation, where there is no oxygen in the air
- Severe pain medication or other problems that reduce breathing
- Knows apnea
- Inflammation or lesions of the lungs
Other Causes:
- Cough
- Confusion
- Fast heart rate
- Changes in skin color
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid breathing
- Wheezing
- Lung problems, for example:
- Sleep apnea (nocturnal hypoxemia)
- Pneumothorax
- Asthma
Symptoms Of lack of oxygen in body (Hypoxemia)
Symptoms of chronic hypoxemia can be difficult to diagnose. This is because the body is sometimes able to compensate for the lack of oxygen in the blood. Symptoms of chronic hypoxemia include:
1. Pulmonary hypertension
High blood pressure in the lungs is high blood pressure in the blood vessels that supply the lungs (pulmonary artery).This is a serious condition that can damage the right side of the heart . The vascular wall is hard and hard, it cannot spread well through the bloodstream. Low blood pressure makes it difficult to pump blood from the arteries to the right side of the heart.
If your heart is constantly pounding on the right side, it may slow down. This can lead to a heart attack. Pulmonary hypertension is a rare condition that can affect people of all ages, but it is more common in people with heart or other lung conditions.
Treatment of high blood pressure:
High blood pressure cannot be cured, but treatment can reduce symptoms and help you manage your condition. Pulmonary hypertension gets worse over time. If left untreated, it can lead to a heart attack, which can be fatal, so it is important to start treatment as soon as possible.
If another disease causes high blood pressure in the lungs, the condition below should be treated first. This can sometimes prevent nerve damage from occurring completely. Anticoagulant medications and blood pressure treatment can reduce blood pressure and diuretics eliminate excess water due to depression.
2. Cor pulmonale
Cor pulmonale is a secondary right ventricular enhancement and pulmonary hypertension for lung problems. The right ventricular septum follows. Outcomes include upper edema, vascular remodeling, hepatomegaly, and parasternal elevation. This diagnosis is clinical as well as by echocardiography. Treatment is guided by the cause.
Cor pulmonale arises from pulmonary problems or vasculature; It does not refer to right ventricular failure diffuse left ventricular failure, coronary heart disease, or vascular disease. Cor pulmonale is usually irregular but can become very large and rotating. High blood pressure (i.e., not lung disease or heart disease) is considered elsewhere.
Treatment Cor Pulmonale
If upper extremity edema is present, diuretics may seem appropriate, but they are useful only if LV failure and severe pulmonary embolism are present. Diuretic should be used with caution because obesity does not cause short-term damage to the nerves.
Pulmonary vasodilators, although useful in primary hypertension, do not work. Bosentan, an inhibitor of the endothelin receptor, may also be helpful in patients with primary hypertension, but its efficacy in pulmonary embolism has not been studied. Digoxin only works if patients have LV disease; Caution is required because COPD patients are sensitive to the digoxin effect.
3. Right-sided heart failure
When your heart is strong, it pushes blood into your body. But when you feel down, the pressure on the wall of your heart slowly diminishes. Once they are weak, your heart cannot shed the blood your body needs.
Depression is common. One of the main reasons is that people 65 and older are in the hospital. It may be on the right or the left of your heart. But what difference does it make in its aspects?
When your heart is working properly, it pumps oxygenated blood through your lungs as well as into your entire body. The left ventricle, or left ventricle of the heart, provides greater strength of the heart. So when you stop feeling down, your heart can’t produce enough blood in your body.
The right ventricle, or right ventricle, “uses” blood to carry blood from your heart back to your lungs to replenish oxygen. So when you are depressed on the right side, the right ventricle loses its ability to pump. This means that your heart cannot be filled with enough blood, and blood flows to the veins. If this happens, your legs, ankles, and abdomen will swell.
How to deal with it?
There is no cure for a heart attack, but there is a cure for its symptoms. Talk to your doctor. They recommend medication to keep you relaxed. In some cases, procedures or surgery may be necessary.
Your doctor may suggest that you do something different to reduce stress in your heart. These may include:
- Light weight, or stay at the weight of the best.
- Quit smoking.
- Eat foods that are high in protein, low-fat milk, whole fruits, fresh fruits, and vegetables.
- Reduce sodium, saturated fat (found in meat and all dairy products), sugar and carbs.
- Have a perfect rest.
4. Polycythemia
Polycythemia is a condition that causes an increase in the proliferation of red blood cells into the bloodstream. People with polycythemia have increased hematocrit, hemoglobin, or red blood cells than normal. Polycythemia is often associated with an increase in hematocrit (hematocrit red blood cell count as whole blood volume) or total hemoglobin (hemoglobin is an important protein for transporting oxygen into the bloodstream).
Polycythemia can be divided into two types: primary and secondary.
- Polycythemia first. The proliferation of red blood cells in primary polycythemia is due to problems in the red blood cell production process.
- Secondary polycythemia. Secondary polycythemia usually appears in response to other factors or underlying conditions that promote red blood cell production.
Diagnosis and Management of Hypoxemia
To diagnose hypoxemia, your doctor will perform a physical exam to listen to your heart and lungs. Variations in these components may be a sign of low oxygen content. Your doctor can also check whether your skin, lips, or fingers are blue.
Use a doctor to check your oxygen level, including tests:
- Pulse oximetry; A sensor that tests the amount of oxygen in your blood that falls on your fingers. Pulse oximetry is painless and free of injury. Most doctors use it every time you go.
- Blood Blood Test; A blood sample is taken from your veins by a needle to measure the level of oxygen in your blood.
- Other breathing tests; These breaths can be connected to these bags on a computer or other device.
Management of Hypoxemia
1. Management of type 1 respiratory failure
It is described as hypoxemia without hypercapnia. First, simple procedures such as adjusting a patient’s posture, physiotherapy and airway obstruction can help in patients with high or low extremities. Different oxygen masks and nasal passages may be better in the beginning; However, their regulation prevents full or high oxygen distribution.
Patients with severe hypoxemia may require high oxygen concentrations, which are provided by functional inhibitors containing accurate FiO2. Venturi coatings fit these parameters and are available for 24-0% airflow. Circulatory systems, such as the anesthetic respiratory system, can use oxygen flowing oxygen to provide 100% oxygen. The non-return cover requires 15 liters / minute of oxygen and can deliver 0% oxygen (Wagstaff and Sony, 200).
2. Management of type 2 respiratory failure
Secondary respiratory failure is associated with hypoxemia and hypercapnia and is more common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Method 1 of managing a patient with hypercapnic asthma is similar to respiratory failure, with severe hypoxemia still the key. The first step in treating these patients is the introduction of oxygen from the display device.
A small number of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are at increased risk for hypercapnic breathing due to a combination of severe VQ, Haldane effects, and reduced airway obstruction. units. In the case of such patients, proper oxygen, nerve status and carbon dioxide levels should be carefully monitored using certain techniques. It is important to emphasize that the risk of severe hypoxemia in these patients is higher than that of hypercapnia.
3. Management of mechanically ventilated patients
Inability to respond to oxygen or unhealthy air may require transporting the patient to the health care department for airway assessment. Initial guidelines for intensive care team members help them assess the situation and identify the need to relocate.
Indications for the acceptance and delivery of essential care for hypoxemic patients are the inability to keep their airways, their air intake at will, adequate ventilation, providing adequate oxygen despite movements and procedures harmless, or damage. Photos expect hospital. The airway of critically ill patients is necessary to support normal consciousness and neuromuscular blockade.
How do doctors treat hypoxemia?
The goal of treatment for hypoxemia is to increase oxygen levels in the blood. Doctors can use medications to treat conditions that cause hypoxemia. These medicines are usually given by an inhaler that helps you breathe medicine into your lungs.
In more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oxygen. Humans usually get oxygen from a device called a cannula that is printed on the nose, or through a respirator. The amount of time and time people receive oxygen treatment depends on each individual’s needs. You can get oxygen at home, use a walkie-talkie while traveling, or at the hospital.
What are the complications or consequences of hypoxemia?
If there is not enough oxygen in your blood, it cannot supply the organs and tissues that need enough oxygen. This condition can be fatal if severe for a short period of time and can affect the heart or brain if left untreated for long periods of time.